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Understanding 5G NTN Satellite Communication Technology in One Article
Release time:
2023-11-17 11:14
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Statistics from the International Telecommunication Union in 2022 show that there are still nearly 3 billion people in the world who do not have access to the Internet, and about 0.45 billion people live in areas not covered by mobile networks. In China, where 4G and 5G networks cover a wide range of areas, there are still a large number of deep mountains, open seas and Gobi deserts that cannot be covered by the network.With the development of satellite communication technology, these situations may bring breakthrough development.
What is Satellite Communications?
In fact, the satellite communication system is also a kind of microwave communication. It uses satellites as relay stations to forward microwave signals and communicate between multiple ground stations. The main purpose of satellite communication is to achieve "seamless" coverage of the ground. Because the satellite works on the orbit of hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of kilometers, the coverage is much larger than that of the general mobile communication system.
In order to improve the transmission bandwidth, satellite communications generally use high-frequency bands, such as C- band (3.4-4.8GHz), Ku-band (10.7-14.5GHz), Ka-band (17.7-31GHz), etc.Satellite communication has a wide range of applications, including radio and television, mobile communications, Internet access, and military communications.
PART ONE 5G NTN Technology Introduction
Part 1
The emergence of 5G NTN technology has brought breakthrough progress for the development of satellite communication. NTN(Non-Terrestrial Network), that is, non-terrestrial network communication, is an important supplement to terrestrial cellular communication technology. NTN can be directly connected to the user's mobile phone by satellite, and then set up a gateway station on the ground as a gateway, and finally connect to the 5G core network. The satellite can be used as a base station to directly transmit 5G signals to connect with the terminal, or as a transparent forwarding node to transmit the signals sent by the ground station to the mobile phone.
5G NTN technology uses the integration of satellite communication networks and terrestrial 5G networks, which can be free from the restrictions and influences of topography,Realize the connection of air, sky, earth and sea multidimensional space.
Part 2
At the World Mobile Communications Conference (MWC2023) at the beginning of the year, relevant chip manufacturers brought the breakthrough 5GNTN two-way satellite communication technology. NTN once again entered the public's field of vision. This technology can fill the gap in the coverage of mobile communication networks and provide more extensive and more extensive for remote areas. High-speed network services truly realize the global connection of smart devices.It has brought new breakthroughs in the following three directions:
1. High range coverage
Unlike traditional 4G land network coverage will be limited by terrain, natural disasters and other force majeure factors, satellite communications for mobile and fixed ground operators to provide a wider range of coverage, can achieve ocean, mountain, disaster site, war area network coverage. It is a major breakthrough for remote communities, industrial sites and cellular base stations, which can meet more needs in more scenarios.
2, high broadband services, reduce costs
Whether in low-Earth orbit (LEO) or medium-Earth orbit (MEO),Satellite systems can provide high-speed, high-bandwidth services.With the rapid increase of the capacity of the new wave of satellite systems and the maturity of technology, the cost of accessing satellites is greatly reduced, which also provides a strong support for its wider promotion and coverage.
3, the user choice is more extensive
5G NTN technology allows smartphones and IoT devices to connect directly to satellite systems without the need for specialized terminals.This technological breakthrough makes it easier for satellite communications to connect to ordinary users and IoT devices, providing users with a wider range of connectivity options.
PART TWO Micro Solutions
Microscope has focused on RF microwave testing and signal processing related technologies for nearly 20 years, and has mature solutions for 5G NTN signal introduction and related satellite terminal communication testing. The relevant satellite network covers Tiantong, Iridium, Beidou, GPS and Star Network.
Test scheme
The related products are composed of outdoor antenna platform, outdoor multi-standard relay platform, multi-satellite network expansion platform, indoor multi-standard relay platform and indoor antenna platform.
Outdoor antenna
outdoor repeater
Indoor antenna
indoor relay unit
It can meet the communication test of terminals and satellites under laboratory and production conditions, and cooperate with several domestic satellite terminal factories. It has mature experience in technology application and can provide customized services according to different scenarios.
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